Die Musikanalyse ähnelt der Interpretation eines Gedichts: Ziel ist es immerhin, den kompositorischen Aufbau eines musikalischen Werkes nachvollziehen zu können und zu verstehen. As the poem unfolds, the son seems to see and hear beings his father does not; the reader cannot know if the father is indeed aware of their presence, but he chooses to comfort his son, asserting reassuringly naturalistic explanations for what the child sees – a wisp of fog, rustling leaves, shimmering willows. Schubert: Der Erlkönig. The Ballad. “Erlkönig” starts with the piano rapidly playing triplets to create a sense of urgency and simulate the horse’s galloping. Beethoven attempted to set it to music but abandoned the effort; his sketch however was complete enough to be published in a completion by Reinhold Becker (1897). Machlis, Joseph and Forney, Kristine. Loewe, Carl. An anxious young boy is being carried home at night by his father on horseback. . “Erlkönig” (also called “Der Erlkönig“) is a poem by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Other notable settings are by members of Goethe’s circle, including the actress Corona Schröter (1782), Andreas Romberg (1793), Johann Friedrich Reichardt (1794) and Carl Friedrich Zelter (1797). The vocal line evokes the galloping effect by repeated figures of crotchet and quaver, or sometimes three quavers, overlying the binary tremolo of the semiquavers in the piano. In Schubert’s “Erlkonig” a father is frantically carrying his son on horseback while his young son is seeing the Erlking, a ghost or the devil, is trying to tempt him away. 1, No. 1, No. The song was first performed in concert on December 1, 1820, at a private gathering in Vienna, and received its public premiere on March 7, 1821, at Vienna’s Theater am Kärntnertor. Meanwhile the bass adds a horror theme to the piece. Near the very end of the piece the music quickens, as the father desperately tries to spur his horse to go faster, and then slows down, as he arrives. In the original Scandinavian version of the tale, the antagonist was the Erlkönig‘s daughter rather than the Erlkönig himself; the female elves or elvermøer sought to ensnare human beings to satisfy their desire, jealousy and lust for revenge. Hans Werner Henze created an Orchesterfantasie über Goethes Gedicht und Schuberts Opus 1 aus dem Ballett “Le fils de l’air”. The Father lies in the low range and sings both in minor mode and major. As the poem unfolds, the son seems to see and hear beings his father does not; the father asserts reassuringly naturalistic explanations for what the child sees – a wisp of fog, rustling leaves, shimmering willows. Loewe’s accompaniment is in semiquaver groups of six in nine-eight time and marked Geschwind (fast). It depicts the death of a child assailed by a supernatural being, the Erlking or “Erlkönig” (suggesting the literal translation “alder king”). 2, Der Wirthin Töchterlein (1823; The Innkeeper’s Daughter), a poem of Ludwig Uhland. Schubert and Loewe were both composing music that would enhance the text and convey the story, although they came up with different ways to express the text musically. Die Analyse lässt außerdem die Entscheidungen v… April 2020 A linguistic and musical analysis of “Erlkönig” by Franz Schubert as interpretation guide for singers „Der Erlkönig” is a famous ballad by the German poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, written in 1778 as part of a singspiel. BACKGROUND "Der Erlkönig" was one of Schubert's first published work written at the age of 18. The father makes faster for the Hof. “Schubert and the Lied”. These motifs continue throughout. As the piece progresses, the first in the groups of three quavers are dotted to create a breathless pace, which then forms a bass figure in the piano driving through to the final crisis. The piece is regarded as extremely challenging to perform due to the vocal characterization required of the vocalist as well as its difficult accompaniment, involving the playing of rapidly repeated chords and octaves to create the drama and urgency in the poetry. [citation needed] Schubert placed each character largely in a different vocal range, and each has his own rhythmic nuances; in addition, most singers endeavor to use a different vocal coloration for each part. The Erlking lines are typically sung in a softer dynamic. “Erlkönig” (Franz Schubert) – Interpretation Guide 18. Franz Schubert composed his Lied, “Erlkönig“, for solo voice and piano in 1815, setting text from the Goethe poem. “The Erl-King”. Eine Analyse des formalen Aufbaus, der musikalischen Mittel und der Rhythmik gibt (teilweise) Aufschluss über die Absichten des Komponisten. An anxious young boy is being carried home at night by his father on horseback. The Narrator lies in the middle range and is in minor. Friedlaender, Max; Moser, Hans Joachim, eds. These two themes also evoke the rising and moaning of the wind. It has often been suggested that Erlkönig is a mistranslation from the original Danish elverkonge, which does mean “king of the elves.”. Schubert revised the song three times before publishing his fourth version in 1821 as his Opus 1; it was cataloged by Otto Erich Deutsch as D. 328 in his 1951 catalog of Schubert’s works. “Wer reitet so spät durch Nacht und Wind?”, Songwriter Josh Ritter performs his translation of the poem, titled “The Oak King”, “Erlkönig” at Emily Ezust’s Lied and Art Song Texts Page, Full score and MIDI file of Schubert’s setting of “Erlkönig”. Wie deutet man Musik? 1 are concerned with untimely death, in this set only the “Erlkönig” has the supernatural element. Wie ist ein Stück zu interpretieren? Finally the child shrieks that he has been attacked. 3 and composed in 1817–18, in the lifetime of the poem’s author and also of Schubert, whose version Loewe did not then know. The story of the Erlkönig derives from the traditional Danish ballad Elveskud: Goethe’s poem was inspired by Johann Gottfried Herder’s translation of a variant of the ballad (Danmarks gamle Folkeviser 47B, from Peter Syv’s 1695 edition) into German as “Erlkönigs Tochter” (“The Erl-king’s Daughter”) in his collection of folk songs, Stimmen der Völker in Liedern (published 1778). The poem has been used as the text for Lieder (art songs for voice and piano) by many classical composers. The name translates literally from the German as “Alder King” rather than its common English translation, “Elf King” (which would be rendered as Elfenkönig in German). The last words, war tot, leap from the lower dominant to the sharpened third of the home key, this time not to the major but to a diminished chord, which settles chromatically through the home key in the major and then to the minor. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Erlk%C3%B6nig. Loewe’s version is less melodic than Schubert’s, with an insistent, repetitive harmonic structure between the opening minor key, and answering phrases in the major key of the dominant, which have a stark quality owing to their unusual relationship to the home key. The piano stops before the final line, “In seinen Armen das Kind war tot” before ending with a perfect authentic cadence. The Erlking’s vocal line, in major, undulates up and down to arpeggiated accompaniment: providing the only break from the ostinato bass triplets in the accompaniment until the boy’s death. There he recognizes that the boy is dead. Throughout the song the narration goes between the father, the son and the Erlking. The narrator’s phrases are echoed by the voices of father and son, the father taking up the deeper, rising phrase, and the son a lightly undulating, answering theme around the dominant fifth. There is also a transcription for solo violin by the violin virtuoso Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst, considered one of the most technically difficult pieces to play for the instrument. Goethe’s poem then took on a life of its own, inspiring the Romantic concept of the Erlking. Only with his final threatening word, “Gewalt,” does he depart from this chord. Paul Haverstock reads Goethe’s “Erlkönig” with background music. 8 (after Goethe)” for solo piano, based on “Erlkönig”. The poem has often been set to music with Franz Schubert’s rendition, his Opus 1 (D. 328), being the best known. The text comes originally from Danish mythology, which was translated to German in 1778 by Johann Gottfried von Herder for a collection of songs. The father rides faster to the. [citation needed] The Elf king, who is always heard pianissimo, does not sing melodies, but instead delivers insubstantial rising arpeggios that outline a single major chord (that of the home key) which sounds simultaneously on the piano in una corda tremolo. Collected with it were Op. Orchesterfantasie über Goethes Gedicht und Schuberts Opus 1 aus dem Ballett. Typically le is in the bass of Neapolitan chord and it leads to sol. The Erlkönig‘s nature has been the subject of some debate. To what sort of home is not spelled out; German Hof  has a rather broad meaning of “yard,” “courtyard,” “farm,” or (royal) “court.” The lack of specificity of the father’s social position allows the reader to imagine the details. A few other nineteenth-century versions are those by Václav Tomášek (1815), Carl Loewe (1818) and Ludwig Spohr (1856, with obbligato violin) and Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst (Polyphonic Studies for Solo Violin). Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (2008). Niels Gade’s cantata Elverskud opus 30 (1854, text by Chr. Each of the son’s pleas become louder and higher-pitched than the previous ones. LISTENING AND HARMONIC ANALYSIS. Another unique aspect of Schubert's use of the Neapolitan chord in these measures is his voice leading. 1, Edward (1818; a translation of the Scottish ballad), and No. A fifth character, the horse, is implied in rapid triplet figures played by the pianist throughout the work, mimicking hoof beats. There he recognizes that the boy is dead. Finally, the child shrieks that he has been attacked. Carl Loewe’s setting was published as Op. Inspired by a German translation of Scottish border ballads, Loewe set several poems with an elvish theme; but although all three of Op. To what sort of home is not spelled out; German Hofhas a rather broad meaning of “yard,” “courtyard,” “farm,” or (royal) “court.” The lack of specificity of the father’s social position allows the reader to imagine the details. K. F. Molbech) was published in translation as Erlkönigs Tochter. The four characters in the song – narrator, father, son, and the Erlking – are usually all sung by a single vocalist; occasionally, however, the work is performed by four individual vocalists (or three, with one taking the parts of both the narrator and the Erlking). Create your own unique website with customizable templates. [citation needed], The song was transcribed for solo piano by Franz Liszt, and the piano accompaniment was orchestrated by Hector Berlioz. A 21st century example is pianist Marc-André Hamelin’s “Etude No. [citation needed]. In addition to an unusual sense of motion this creates a very flexible template for the stresses in the words to fall correctly within the rhythmic structure. Erlkönig is a ballad penned by Johann von Goethe.Before attempting to understand the song, you should be familiar with the ballad. It was originally composed by Goethe as part of a 1782 Singspiel entitled Die Fischerin. As the poem unfolds, the son seems to see and hear beings his father does not; the father asserts reassuringly naturalistic explanations … However, Schubert begins with a root position bII and instead of leading the e flat down to the d flat, in m. 144, he leads it up to the f flat. Loewe’s implication is that the Erlking has no substance, but merely exists in the child’s fevered imagination. The Son lies in a high range, also in minor.

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